Resource guide
1.2.9 Audio-only (Live)
Live audio-only broadcasts need a real-time text alternative so Deaf users can follow along.
By Calling All Minds·Last updated April 2026
Success criterion
Conformance level
Enhanced accessibility — beyond the legal minimum.
What it means
This applies to live audio-only content such as a live radio broadcast, audio-only webcast, or telephone conference call that is broadcast publicly. A real-time text alternative must be provided so that Deaf or hard-of-hearing users can access the content as it happens.
This is a Level AAA criterion. The text alternative does not need to be perfect, but it must provide a reasonable representation of what is being said in real time.
In practice
Use a professional CART (Communication Access Real-time Translation) stenographer for high-accuracy live transcription.
AI-powered live transcription services can work well for clearly spoken, standard-vocabulary content.
Display the live transcript on screen or provide a link to a live text feed alongside the audio stream.
Common failures
- Live audio broadcast with no real-time text alternative
- Text alternative provided only after the event rather than during it
AXS Audit
AXS Audit checks your site against 1.2.9 and flags issues your team can act on straight away. It covers criteria that automated scanners often miss.